| Scientific name | Paeonia suffruticosa |
|---|---|
| Genus | Paeonia |
| Origin | China |
| Season | Late Spring |
| Family | Paeoniaceae |
| Region | East Asia |
| Colours & Symbolism | Pink: prosperity; Red: wealth; White: bashfulness |
Paeonia × suffruticosa is a group of tree peony cultivars that are the result of hybridization with peony species exclusively belonging to the subsection Vaginatae. The common name used in China is mǔdān (Chinese: 牡丹) or Moutan peony. Cultivars of this group have been cultivated in Chinese floriculture for millennia, initially only as a source of traditional Chinese medicine, particularly for the skin of their roots (牡丹皮; mǔdān pí). Already early on, the plant was also cultivated for its ornamental value, and it is highly revered in Chinese culture. Paeonia × suffruticosa is a perennial deciduous shrub with stems up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in); the branches are short and thick.
花中之王,象征富贵荣华、幸福美满。
牡丹被誉为国色天香,唐朝诗人刘禹锡赞曰唯有牡丹真国色。
恥じらい、はにかみ、誠実——百花の王。
唐の都長安では牡丹が咲くと都中が沸き立ったといいます。「国色天香」。